Permafrost refers to ground that remains frozen for at least two consecutive years, consisting of soil, rock, and organic material bound together by ice. Found in polar and high-altitude regions, it exhibits unique characteristics:
- Active layer: The surface layer that thaws during summer and refreezes in winter. This layer plays a crucial role in supporting vegetation and influencing local hydrology.
- Depth variability: Permafrost depth can range from a few meters to hundreds of meters, depending on regional climate and geological conditions.
Mapping and monitoring permafrost are essential for understanding its impact on climate, infrastructure, and ecosystems. Tools like SnowTEM are particularly effective for:
- Accurately delineating permafrost boundaries and assessing its thickness, even in snow-covered areas.
- Detecting variations in ice content and identifying areas of thaw or refreeze.
- Providing critical data for infrastructure planning by identifying unstable permafrost zones.
With advanced technology like SnowTEM, researchers and stakeholders can gain valuable insights into permafrost dynamics, ensuring sustainable development and mitigating risks in sensitive regions.
